National Land Cover Database Zone 61 Imperviousness Layer

Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Entity_and_Attribute_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey

Publication_Date: 20030901

Title: National Land Cover Database Zone 61 Imperviousness Layer

Edition: 1.0

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image

Series_Information:

Series_Name: None

Issue_Identification: None

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Sioux Falls, SD

Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Other_Citation_Details:

References: Yang, L, C. Huang, C. Homer, B. Wylie, and M. Coan, 2002. An approach for mapping large-area impervious surfaces: Synergistic use of Landsat 7 ETM+ and high spatial resolution imagery. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, 29: 2, 230-240.

Homer, C., C. Huang, L. Yang, B. Wylie and M. Coan, 2004. Development of a 2001 national land cover database for the United States. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing.

The USGS acknowledges the support of MDA Federal, Inc. in development of data in this zone.

Online_Linkage: <http://www.mrlc.gov>

Description:

Abstract:

The National Land Cover Database 2001 for mapping zone 61 was produced through a cooperative project conducted by the Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) Consortium. The MRLC Consortium is a partnership of federal agencies (www.mrlc.gov), consisting of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the U.S. Forest Service (USFS), the National Park Service (NPS), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). One of the primary goals of the project is to generate a current, consistent, seamless, and accurate National Land Cover Database (NLCD) circa 2001 for the United States at medium spatial resolution. For a detailed definition and discussion on MRLC and the NLCD 2001 products, refer to Homer et al. (2003) and <http://www.mrlc.gov/mrlc2k.asp>.

The NLCD 2001 was created by partitioning the U.S. into mapping zones. A total of 66 mapping zones were delineated within the conterminous U.S. based on ecoregion and geographical characteristics, edge matching features and the size requirement of Landsat mosaics. Mapping zone 61 encompasses whole or portions of several states including Pensylvania, Virginia, West Virginia and Maryland. Questions about the NLCD mapping zone 61 can be directed to the NLCD 2001 land cover mapping team at the USGS/EROS, Sioux Falls, SD (605) 594-6151 or mrlc@usgs.gov.

Purpose:

The goal of this project is to provide the Nation with complete, current and consistent public domain information on its land use and land cover.

Supplemental_Information:

Corner Coordinates (center of pixel, projection meters) Upper Left Corner: 1264680 meters(X), 2211910 meters(Y) Lower Right Corner: 1730100 meters(X), 1656010 meters(Y)

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 19990719

Ending_Date: 20011113

Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Status:

Progress: Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -81.441806

East_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.132141

North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.905853

South_Bounding_Coordinate: 36.431651

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Theme_Keyword: Imperviousness

Theme_Keyword: GIS

Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey

Theme_Keyword: USGS

Theme_Keyword: digital spatial data

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Category

Theme_Keyword: imagery

Theme_Keyword: Base Maps

Theme_Keyword: Earth Cover

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus:

U.S. Department of Commerce, 1995, Countries, dependencies, areas of special sovereignty, and their principal administrative divisions, Federal Information Processing Standard 10-4,): Washington, D.C., National Institute of Standards and Technology

Place_Keyword: United States

Place_Keyword: U.S.

Place_Keyword: US

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Place_Keyword: zone 61

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus:

U.S. Department of Commerce, 1987, Codes for the identification of the States, the District of Columbia and the outlying areas of the United States, and associated areas (Federal Information Processing Standard 5-2): Washington, D.C., National Institute of Standards and Technology

Place_Keyword: VA

Place_Keyword: Virginia

Place_Keyword: WV

Place_Keyword: West Virginia

Place_Keyword: PA

Place_Keyword: Pennsylvania

Place_Keyword: MD

Place_Keyword: Maryland

Access_Constraints: None

Use_Constraints: None

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Customer Services Representative

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: USGS/EROS

Address: 47914 252nd Street

City: Sioux Falls

State_or_Province: SD

Postal_Code: 57198-0001

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605/594-6151

Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: 605/594-6933

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 605/594-6589

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: custserv@usgs.gov

Hours_of_Service: 0800 - 1600 CT, M - F (-6h CST/-5h CDT GMT)

Contact_Instructions:

The USGS point of contact is for questions relating to the data display and download from this web site. For questions regarding data content and quality, refer to: <http://www.mrlc.gov/mrlc2k.asp> or email: mrlc@usgs.gov

Data_Set_Credit: U.S. Geological Survey, MDA Federal Inc.

Security_Information:

Security_Classification_System: None

Security_Classification: Unclassified

Security_Handling_Description: N/A

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

The information on data quality for mapping zone 61 was generated by the Regression Tree algorithm that conducts a cross-validation for assessing classification and prediction reliability. No formal independent accuracy assessment of mapping zone 61 imperviousness has been made. The regression tree algorithm employed in NLCD 2001 mapping offers a cross-validation option for assessing classification and prediction reliability. Cross-validation can provide relatively reliable estimates for imperviousness predictions if the reference data used for cross-validation are collected based on a statistically valid sampling design. For mapping zone 61 imperviousness modeling, a 5-fold cross-validation was conducted by dividing the entire training data set into 5 subsets of equal size. For each model run, an accuracy estimate was derived using one subset to evaluate the model prediction (with the model developed using the remaining training samples). This process was repeated 5 times. After all 5 runs, an average value of all accuracy estimates from the 5 runs was computed. Users should be cautioned that these cross-validation results provide users with only first-order estimates of data quality, and should not be considered a formal accuracy assessment.

Quantitative_Attribute_Accuracy_Assessment:

Attribute_Accuracy_Value: 86.5

Attribute_Accuracy_Explanation:

The above listed value is the overall accuracy obtained for imperviousness data in the cross-validation study for mapping zone 61.

Logical_Consistency_Report:

The method employed to map percent imperviousness for NLCD 2001 mapping zone 61 consists of three key steps: deriving reference data of imperviousness from the high spatial resolution images, calibrating density prediction models using reference data and Landsat spectral bands, and extrapolating the developed models spatially to map per-pixel imperviousness.

Completeness_Report:

This NLCD product of mapping zone 61 Imperviousness layer is the version dated 05-12-2006.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: N/A

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: N/A

Lineage:

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

The method employed to map percent imperviousness for NLCD 2001 mapping zone 61 consists of three key steps: deriving reference data of imperviousness from the high spatial resolution images, calibrating density prediction models using reference data and Landsat spectral bands, and extrapolating the developed models spatially to map per-pixel imperviousness. This method is described in detail in Yang et al. (2003). This method was applied to mapping zone 61 by MDA Federal Inc.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat ETM, DOQQ, USGS/EROS

Process_Date: Unknown

Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS NLCD

Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: MDA Federal Inc.

Contact_Person: David.Cunningham

Contact_Position: Vice President, Environmental/GIS Services

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing address

Address: 6011 Executive Blvd., Suite 400

City: Rockville

State_or_Province: MD

Postal_Code: 20852

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 240-833-8200

Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: none

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 240-833-8201

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: David.Cunningham@MDAFederal.com

Hours_of_Service: 8.00. a.m. - 5.00. P.M. ET M-F

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

To develop adequate training data for impervious estimation, 14 DOQQ's across the mapping zone with a nominal spatial resolution of 1-m were classified into either pervious or non-pervious surfaces, and then summed within each 30 meter Landsat pixel cell to obtain percentage of imperviousness. Training data were selected based on the degree of variance each training data set possesses with regards to Landsat ETM+ imagery used for mapping. Each added training data set decreased the amount of variance present within the Landsat data as a whole. The selection process was repeated until the amount of variance explained reached a pre-defined threshold.

By combining the training data with Landsat spectral data and other ancillary data, percent imperviousness prediction models were developed using a regression tree algorithm (named "Cubist"). All data layers used as input for running the Cubist in order to establish the prediction model for imperviousness are listed in the "Supplemental Information" section. Three ancillary data sets were used for urban/suburban delineation masking, which is essential to confine the imperviousness mapping within the developed areas.

After the best combination of possible input data layers had been determined and the final percent impervious layer produced, the urban mask created was used to eliminate those pixels from the final percent impervious file that fall outside identified impervious surface areas. Thus, the impervious pixels identified within the mask were retained, while all non-impervious surface pixels were removed from the final product. This corrected for any small areas of pixels that may have been included as part of the impervious surface layer because their spectral signature was not covered in the Cubist modeling process. Finally, visual inspection of imperviousness layer was made with limited manual editing to eliminate non-urban areas based on area of interest delineated by the mapping team.

Acquisition dates of Landsat ETM+ (TM) scenes used for land cover classification in zone 61 are as follows:
SPRING-
Index 1 for Path 15/Row 31 on 04/28/01 = Scene_ID 7015031000111850
Index 2 for Path 15/Row 32 on 03/24/00 = Scene_ID 7015032000008450
Index 3 for Path 16/Row 31 on 04/19/01 = Scene_ID 7016031000110950
Index 4 for Path 16/Row 32 on 03/31/00 = Scene_ID 7016032000009150
Index 4 for Path 16/Row 33 on 03/31/00 = Scene_ID 7016033000009150
Index 4 for Path 16/Row 34 on 03/31/00 = Scene_ID 7016034000009150
Index 5 for Path 17/Row 31 on 03/06/00 = Scene_ID 7017031000006650
Index 5 for Path 17/Row 32 on 03/06/00 = Scene_ID 7017032000006650
Index 5 for Path 17/Row 33 on 03/06/00 = Scene_ID 7017033000006650
Index 6 for Path 17/Row 34 on 03/25/01 = Scene_ID 7017034000108450
LEAF ON (Summer)-
Index 1 for Path 15/Row 31 on 07/28/99 = Scene_ID 7015031009920950
Index 1 for Path 15/Row 32 on 07/28/99 = Scene_ID 7015032009920950
Index 2 for Path 16/Row 31 on 07/05/00 = Scene_ID 7016031000018750
Index 3 for Path 16/Row 32 on 05/26/00 = Scene_ID 5016032000014710
Index 4 for Path 16/Row 33 on 08/04/99 = Scene_ID 7016033009921650
Index 5 for Path 16/Row 34 on 07/19/99 = Scene_ID 7016034009920050
Index 6 for Path 17/Row 31 on 06/10/00 = Scene_ID 7017031000016250
Index 7 for Path 17/Row 32 on 06/13/01 = Scene_ID 7017032000116450
Index 6 for Path 17/Row 33 on 06/10/00 = Scene_ID 7017033000016250
Index 6 for Path 17/Row 34 on 06/10/00 = Scene_ID 7017034000016250
LEAF-OFF (Fall)-
Index 1 for Path 15/Row 31 on 11/01/99 = Scene_ID 7015031009930550
Index 2 for Path 15/Row 32 on 11/17/99 = Scene_ID 7015032009932150
Index 3 for Path 16/Row 31 on 11/13/01 = Scene_ID 7016031000131750
Index 3 for Path 16/Row 32 on 11/13/01 = Scene_ID 7016032000131750
Index 4 for Path 16/Row 33 on 11/08/99 = Scene_ID 7016033009931250
Index 4 for Path 16/Row 34 on 11/08/99 = Scene_ID 7016034009931250
Index 5 for Path 17/Row 31 on 10/30/99 = Scene_ID 7017031009930350
Index 5 for Path 17/Row 32 on 10/30/99 = Scene_ID 7017032009930350
Index 5 for Path 17/Row 33 on 10/30/99 = Scene_ID 7017033009930350
Index 5 for Path 17/Row 34 on 10/30/99 = Scene_ID 7017034009930350

Landsat data and ancillary data used for the imperviousness prediction -

Data Type of DEM composed of 1 band and a Continuous Variable Type.

Data Type of Slope composed of 1 band and a Continuous Variable Type.

Data Type of Aspect composed of 1 band of Categorical Variable Type.

Data type of Position Index composed of 1 band of Continuous Variable Type.

Ancillary data used for urban area masking include:
1. NOAA Defense Meteorological Satellite Program 1 km city light data (1 band)
2. MRLC 1992 classification (1 band)
3. TIGER 2000 roads (1 band)

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Landsat ETM, DEM

Process_Date: Unknown

Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS NLCD

Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Customer Service Representative

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: USGS/EROS

Address: 47914 252nd Street

City: Sioux Falls

State_or_Province: SD

Postal_Code: 57198-0001

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605/594-6151

Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: 605/594-6933

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 605/594-6589

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: custserv@usgs.gov

Hours_of_Service: 0800 - 1600 CT, M - F (-6h CST/-5h CDT GMT)

Contact_Instructions:

The USGS point of contact is for questions relating to the data display and download from this web site. Questions about the NLCD mapping zone 61 can be directed to the NLCD 2001 land cover mapping team at the USGS/EROS, Sioux Falls, SD (605) 594-6151 or mrlc@usgs.gov.

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster

Raster_Object_Information:

Raster_Object_Type: Pixel

Row_Count: 18533

Column_Count: 15517

Vertical_Count: 1

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Map_Projection:

Map_Projection_Name: Albers Conical Equal Area

Albers_Conical_Equal_Area:

Standard_Parallel: 29.500000

Standard_Parallel: 45.500000

Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -96.000000

Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 23.000000

False_Easting: 0.000000

False_Northing: 0.000000

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column

Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 30.000000

Ordinate_Resolution: 30.000000

Planar_Distance_Units: meters

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983

Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80

Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000

Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: Layer_1

Entity_Type_Definition: NLDC Imperviousness Layer

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: National Land Cover Database 2001

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: ObjectID

Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number

Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Value

Attribute_Definition: Percent Imperviousness

Attribute_Definition_Source: NLCD 2001

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0

Range_Domain_Maximum: 100

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percentage

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Count

Attribute_Definition:

A nominal integer value that designates the number of pixels that have each value in the file; histogram column in ERDAS Imagine raster attributes table

Attribute_Definition_Source: NLCD 2001

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Integer

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Red

Attribute_Definition:

Red color code for RGB slice by value for canopy image display purposes. The value is arbitrarily assigned by the display software package, unless defined by user. Standard user defined ramp for NLCD project is start color light gray, end color red.

Attribute_Definition_Source: NLCD 2001

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0

Range_Domain_Maximum: 100

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: CSS Color Value Percentage

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Green

Attribute_Definition:

Green color code for RGB slice by value for canopy image display purposes. The value is arbitrarily assigned by the display software package, unless defined by user. Standard user defined ramp for NLCD project is start color light gray, end color red.

Attribute_Definition_Source: NLCD 2001

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0

Range_Domain_Maximum: 100

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: CSS Color Value Percentage

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Blue

Attribute_Definition:

Blue color code for RGB slice by value for canopy image display purposes. The value is arbitrarily assigned by the display software package, unless defined by user. Standard user defined ramp for NLCD project is start color light gray, end color red.

Attribute_Definition_Source: NLCD 2001

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0

Range_Domain_Maximum: 100

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: CSS Color Value Percentage

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Opacity

Attribute_Definition:

A measure of how opaque, or solid, a color is displayed in a layer.

Attribute_Definition_Source: NLCD 2001

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0

Range_Domain_Maximum: 100

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Percentage

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1

Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Attributes defined by USGS and ESRI.

Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:

Attribute accuracy is described, where present, with each attribute defined in the Entity and Attribute Section. Note: To ensure all areas of mapping zone 61 are completely covered, a 3,000 meter (100 Landsat pixels) buffer was added to the boundary of mapping zone 61.

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Customer Service Representative

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: USGS/EROS

Address: 47914 252nd Street

City: Sioux Falls

State_or_Province: SD

Postal_Code: 57198-0001

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605/594-6151

Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: 605/594-6933

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 605/594-6589

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: custserv@usgs.gov

Hours_of_Service: 0800 - 1600 CT, M - F (-6h CST/-5h CDT GMT)

Contact_Instructions:

The USGS point of contact is for questions relating to the data display and download from this web site. Questions about the NLCD mapping zone 61 can be directed to the NLCD 2001 land cover mapping team at the USGS/EROS, Sioux Falls, SD (605) 594-6151 or mrlc@usgs.gov.

Resource_Description: Downloadable data

Distribution_Liability:

Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the USGS, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the USGS regarding the use of the data on any other system, nor does the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Data may have been compiled from various outside sources. Spatial information may not meet National Map Accuracy Standards. This information may be updated without notification. The USGS shall not be liable for any activity involving these data, installation, fitness of the data for a particular purpose, its use, or analyses results.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: Arc/Info Export Format and/or ArcView Shapefile

Format_Version_Number: ArcGIS 9.0

Format_Specification: ASCII

Transfer_Size: 0.001

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name: <http://seamless.usgs.gov>

Access_Instructions:

The URL <http://seamless.usgs.gov> provides a map interface that allows for data downloads within a customer defined area of interest. Zoom tools are available that can be used to investigate areas of interest on the map interface. The download tool allows the customer to capture layers from the map, utilizing the Seamless Data Distribution System process for downloading. A request summary page is then generated with the download layers listed. By clicking the "download" button on the summary page, a zipped file will be generated that can be saved on the customer's computer. The file can then be unzipped and imported into various user software applications.

Online_Computer_and_Operating_System: Not available for dissemination

Fees: None

Ordering_Instructions: Contact Customer Services

Turnaround: Variable

Custom_Order_Process: Contact Customer Services Representative

Technical_Prerequisites:

ESRI ArcMap Suite and/or Arc/Info software, and supporting operating systems.

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20060803

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Customer Services Representative

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: USGS/EROS

Address: 47914 252nd Street

City: Sioux Falls

State_or_Province: SD

Postal_Code: 57198-0001

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605/594-6151

Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: 605/594-6933

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 605/594-6589

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: custserv@usgs.gov

Hours_of_Service: 0800 - 1600 CT, M - F (-6h CST/-5h CDT GMT)

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention: local time

Metadata_Access_Constraints: None

Metadata_Use_Constraints: None

Metadata_Security_Information:

Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None

Metadata_Security_Classification: None

Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None

Metadata_Extensions:

Online_Linkage: <http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html>

Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile